13.2.10.1 Wh-questions

13. Clauses‎ > ‎13.2. Subordinate clauses‎ > ‎^13.2.10 Indirect questions (CP-QUE)‎ > ‎

The codification of indirect wh-questions generally follows the annotation conventions for independent wh-questions:

wh-questions are labelled CP-QUE;
CP-QUE immediately dominates IP-SUB or IP-INF;
wh-phrases are annotated as immediate constituents of CP-QUE and co-indexed with a wh-movement trace (*T*) inside IP;
the verb is always codified under IP, even in inversion contexts;
questions including the sequence é que are annotated as 'é que' inverted pseudoclefts;
no IP is projected in verbless wh-questions.

In cases that are ambiguous between an analysis as an indirect question (CP-QUE) or a free relative (CP-FRL), the default is CP-FRL.

See the list of verbs treated as taking interrogative complements.

( (IP-MAT (NP-SBJ *pro*)
	  (IP-PPL (VB-AN Chegado)
		  (ADVP (ADV abaixo)))
	  (, ,)
	  (VB-D perguntava)
	  (PP (P a)
	      (NP (D o)
		  (N moço)
		  (PP (P de)
		      (NP (D-F a) (N estribeira)))))
	  (CP-QUE (WNP-1 (WPRO que) (N-P horas))
		  (IP-SUB (NP-SBJ *T*-1)
			  (SR-D eram)))
	  (. :))
  (TYCHO BRAHE; ID A_003_PSD,23.321))

( (IP-MAT (NP-SBJ *pro*)
	  (NEG Não)
	  (NP-SE (CL me))
	  (VB-P-1S lembro)
	  (ADVP (ADV agora))
	  (CP-QUE (WNP-1 (D o) (WPRO que))
		  (IP-SUB (NP-SBJ *T*-1)
			  (SR-SP-3S seja)))
	  (. .))
  (CORDIAL-SIN; ID PAL28,74))

( (IP-MAT (NP-SBJ *pro*)
	  (ADVP (ADV Assim))
	  (NEG não)
	  (VB-P sei)
	  (CP-QUE (WNP-1 (WD que) (N sorte))
		  (IP-SUB (NP-ACC *T*-1)
			  (SR-R será)
			  (NP-SBJ (D-F a) (PRO$-F minha))))
	  (. .))
  (POST SCRIPTUM; ID CARDS0008,.15))

( (IP-MAT (NP-SBJ *pro*)
	  (VB-P Ignoro)
	  (ADVP (ADV absolutamente))
	  (CP-QUE (WNP-1 (WPRO quem))
		  (IP-SUB (NP-ACC *T*-1)
			  (NP-SBJ (PRO vós))
			  (SR-P sois)))
	  (, ,))
  (TYCHO BRAHE; ID C_001_PSD,103.1414))

( (IP-MAT-SPE (CONJ e)
	      (NP-SBJ (PRO eu))
	      (VB-R saberei)
	      (IP-INF (VB ver)
		      (CP-QUE (WNP-1 (D o) (WPRO que))
			      (IP-SUB (NP-SBJ *T*-1)
				      (NP-SE (CL se))
				      (VB-P passa))))
	      (ADVP (ADV ainda)
		    (CP-ADV (C que)
			    (IP-SUB (NP-SBJ *pro*)
				    (VB-SP cuide)
				    (PP (P de)
					(IP-INF (ET estar)
						(NP-ADV (Q todo) (D o) (N dia))
						(PP (P n@)
						    (NP (D @o) (N bosque))))))))
	      (. .))
  (TYCHO BRAHE; ID C_001_PSD,111.1547))

( (IP-IMP-PRG (VB-SP Veja)
	      (NP-SBJ (NPR VM))
	      (, ,)
	      (PP (P sem)
		  (IP-INF (NP-SBJ (PRO eu))
			  (TR ter)
			  (NP-ACC (Q-NEG nada))))
	      (, ,)
	      (CP-QUE (WADVP-1 (WADV como))
		      (IP-SUB (ADVP *T*-1)
			      (VB-R poderei)
			      (NP-SBJ (PRO eu))
			      (TR ter)
			      (VB-PP passado)))
	      (. .))
  (POST SCRIPTUM; ID CARDS0007,.2))

( (IP-IMP (CONJ e)
	  (VB-SP saibam)
	  (CP-QUE (WADVP-1 (WADV como))
		  (IP-SUB (ADVP *T*-1)
			  (SR-P é)
			  (NP-SBJ (D-F a) (N prisão))))
	  (, ,)
	  (ADVP (ADV antes)
		(PP (P de)
		    (IP-INF (NP-SBJ *pro*)
			    (VB-F saberem)
			    (CP-QUE (WADVP-2 (WADV como))
				    (IP-SUB (ADVP *T*-2)
					    (SR-P é)
					    (NP-SBJ (D-F a) (N liberdade)))))))
	  (. .))
  (TYCHO BRAHE; ID A_001_PSD,104.2398))

( (IP-MAT (CONJ E)
	  (NP-SBJ (NPR Almançor)
		  (, ,)
		  (CP-REL (WNP-1 (WPRO que))
			  (IP-SUB (NP-SBJ *T*-1)
				  (NP-2 (CL o))
				  (VB-RA saira)
				  (PP (P a)
				      (IP-INF (NP-ACC *-2)
					      (VB receber))))))
	  (, ,)
	  (VB-D preguntou@)
	  (NP-DAT (CL @lhe))
	  (CP-QUE (WADVP-3 (WADV como))
		  (IP-SUB (ADVP *T*-3)
			  (NP-SBJ *pro*)
			  (NP-DAT (CL lhe))
			  (VB-RA avehera)
			  (PP (P em)
			      (NP (D-F aquella) (N lide)))))
	  (. .))
  (WOCHWEL; ID CGE376,.8))

( (IP-MAT (CONJ E)
	  (, ,)
	  (CP-ADV (C quando)
		  (IP-SUB (NP-SBJ *pro*)
			  (NP-ADV (PRO hy))
			  (SR-D foi)))
	  (, ,)
	  (NP-SBJ (D-P os)
		  (PP (P de@)
		      (NP (D-F @a) (N cidade))))
	  (NP-SE (CL se))
	  (NP-DAT (CL lhe))
	  (VB-D querelaron)
	  (CP-QUE (WADVP-1 (WADV como))
		  (IP-SUB (ADVP *T*-1)
			  (NP-SBJ *pro*)
			  (HV-D avyam)
			  (VB-PP recebido)
			  (NP-ACC (ADJ-G grande)
				  (N dampno)
				  (PP (P de@)
				      (NP (D-P @os)
					  (PP (P de)
					      (NP (NPR (NPR Mõte) (NPR Mayor)))))))))
	  (. .))
  (WOCHWEL; ID CGE459,.10))

( (IP-MAT (CONJ E)
	  (NP-SBJ *pro*)
	  (NP-SE (CL me))
	  (VB-D maravilhei)
	  (CP-QUE (WADVP-1 (WADV como))
		  (IP-SUB (IP-SUB (ADVP *T*-1)
				  (NP-SBJ (D o) (N livro))
				  (SR-D era)
				  (ADJP (ADV-R tam) (ADJ pequeno)))
			  (CONJP (CONJ e)
				 (IP-SUB (ADVP *T*-1)
					 (NP-SBJ *pro*)
					 (TR-D tinha)
					 (NP-ACC (ADJ-R-F tanta) (N leitura))))))
	  (. .))
  (WOCHWEL; ID JAR05,.7))

( (IP-MAT (CONJ E)
	  (NP-SBJ *pro*)
	  (ADVP (ADV bem))
	  (VB-R ouvireis)
	  (CP-QUE (WADVP-1 (WADV como))
		  (IP-SUB (ADVP *T*-1)
			  (NP-SBJ *pro*)
			  (NP-ACC (CL o))
			  (VB-D tirou)))
	  (. .))
  (WOCHWEL; ID JAR20,.17))

( (IP-MAT (NP-SBJ (PRO Eu))
	  (NEG não)
	  (VB-P-1S compreendo)
	  (CP-QUE (WADVP-1 (WADV como))
		  (IP-SUB (ADVP *T*-1)
			  (SR-D-3S era)
			  (NP-SBJ (DEM aquilo))))
	  (. .))
  (CORDIAL-SIN; ID MST19,31))

( (IP-MAT (NP-SBJ *exp*)
	  (ADVP-PRG (ADV Bom))
	  (, ,)
	  (HV-P-3S há)
	  (NP-ACC (ADV assim)
		  (D-UM-P uns)
		  (N-P preparos)
		  (PP (P para)
		      (IP-INF (VB ver)
			      (CP-QUE (WADVP-1 (WADV quando))
				      (IP-SUB (ADVP *T*-1)
					      (NP-SBJ *pro*)
					      (FP já)
					      (TR-P-3S tem)
					      (NP-ACC (D-F a) (N água)))))))
	  (. .))
  (CORDIAL-SIN; ID MST35,24))

( (IP-MAT (NP-SBJ *pro*)
	  (NEG não)
	  (VB-P sei)
	  (CP-QUE (WPP-1 (P em)
			 (NP (WPRO qual)
			     (PP (P @de)
				 (NP (D-F-P as@) (NUM-F duas)))))
		  (IP-SUB (PP *T*-1)
			  (VB-P consiste)
			  (NP-SBJ (D-F a) (N castidade) (ADJ-F verdadeira))))
	  (. ;))
  (TYCHO BRAHE; ID A_001_PSD,111.2617))

( (IP-IMP (ADVP (ADV Pois))
	  (VB-I manda@)
	  (NP-1 (CL @me))
	  (IP-INF (VB dizer)
		  (NP-DAT *-1)
		  (CP-QUE (WPP-1 (P em)
				 (NP (WD que) (N-P pontos)))
			  (IP-SUB (PP *T*-1)
				  (VB-P vai)
				  (NP-SBJ (D-F a) (PRO$-F tua) (N soltura)))))
	  (. .))
  (POST SCRIPTUM; ID CARDS0045,.4))

( (IP-MAT (NP-SBJ *pro*)
	  (NEG não)
	  (VB-P sei)
	  (CP-QUE (WADVP-1 (WADV quando))
		  (IP-SUB (ADVP *T*-1)
			  (NP-SBJ *exp*)
			  (SR-P é)
			  (CP-CLF (WADVP-2 0)                                                                                        ☜ 'é que' inverted pseudocleft
				  (C que)
				  (IP-SUB (ADVP *T*-2)
					  (NP-SBJ *pro*)
					  (VB-P (VB-P perdemos) (, ,) (CONJ ou) (VB-P ganhamos))))))
	  (. .))
  (TYCHO BRAHE; ID A_001_PSD,40.738))

( (IP-MAT (CONJ E)
	  (NP-SBJ (D-F a) (N gente))
	  (VB-D-3S via)
	  (CP-QUE (WPP-1 (P para)
			 (NP (WD que) (N rumo)))
		  (IP-SUB (PP *T*-1)
			  (NP-SBJ *exp*)
			  (SR-P-3S é)
			  (CP-CLF (WPP-2 0)                                                                                            ☜ 'é que' inverted pseudocleft
				  (C que)
				  (IP-SUB (PP *T*-2)
					  (NP-SBJ (PRO elas))
					  (VB-D-3P iam)
					  (VB-G andando)))))
	  (. .))
  (CORDIAL-SIN; ID CLC32,42)) 

( (IP-MAT (CONJ E)
	  (NP-SBJ *pro*)
	  (, ,)
	  (ADVP (ADV depois)
		(CP-ADV (C que)
			(IP-SUB (NP-SBJ *pro*)
				(NP-ACC (CL a))
				(VB-D matou)
				(ADVP (ADV asy)))))
	  (, ,)
	  (NEG nõ)
	  (VB-D soube)
	  (CP-QUE (WNP-1 (WPRO que))                                                                                                         ☜ infinitival question
		  (IP-INF (NP-ACC *T*-1)
			  (VB fazer)
			  (PP (P cõ)
			      (NP (N pauor)
				  (PP (P de)
				      (IP-INF (NP-ACC (CL a))
					      (VB matar)
					      (NP-SBJ (D el) (N rey))))))))
	  (. .))
  (WOCHWEL; ID DSG321,.5))

( (IP-MAT (IP-MAT-1 (CONJ e)
		    (NP-SBJ *pro*)
		    (VB-P vive)
		    (ADJP (ADJ-F cuidadosa))
		    (PP (P sem)
			(IP-INF (VB saber)
				(CP-QUE (WPP (P de)                                 ☜ verbless question
					     (NP (WPRO quê)))))))
	  (, ,)
	  (CONJP (CONJ e)
		 (IP-MAT=1 (ADJP (ADJ-F inquieta))
			   (PP (P sem)
			       (IP-INF (VB saber)
				       (CP-QUE (WADVP (WADV porquê)))))))           ☜ verbless question
	  (. .))
  (TYCHO BRAHE; ID A_001_PSD,109.2557))

( (IP-MAT (IP-MAT (CONJ Mas)
		  (NP-SBJ (D-F a) (N estoria))
		  (NEG nõ)
		  (VB-P diz)
		  (CP-QUE (WPP (P por)
			       (NP (WD qual) (N razom)))))                                                        ☜ verbless question
	  (CONJP (CONJ-NEG nẽ)
		 (IP-MAT (NP-SBJ (PRO nos))
			 (ADVP (ADV outrossi))
			 (NEG nõ)
			 (NP-ACC (CL o))
			 (VB-P sabemos)))
	  (. .))
  (WOCHWEL; ID CGE320,.25))

( (IP-MAT (NP-SBJ *pro*)
	  (ADVP (ADV Ainda))
	  (ADVP (ADV lá))
	  (ET-D-3S esteve)
	  (NP-ADV (IP-MAT (NP-SBJ *pro*)
			  (NEG não)
			  (VB-P-1S sei)
			  (CP-QUE (WNP (WD quanto) (N tempo)))))                                            ☜ verbless question
	  (. .))
  (CORDIAL-SIN; ID PFT23,17))

( (IP-MAT (CONJ E)
	  (NP-SBJ (D-UM um) (N homem))
	  (VB-P-3S pode)
	  (IP-INF (VB explicar)
		  (CP-QUE (WADVP (WADV porquê))))                                                                            ☜ verbless question
	  (. ...))
  (CORDIAL-SIN; ID CLC06,12))


See also
Infinitival wh-constructions
Sluicing